Comparison of Cell Viability and Morphology of a Human Osteoblast-like Cell Like (SaOS-2) Seeded on Various Bone Substitute Materials: An In Vitro Study
AUTHOR
-- BY Ayobian-Markazi
N, Kharazifar M, Fouroontan T.
Background: Many
studies have shown favorable results following the use of different bone graft
materials. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of
four different bone graft materials regarding cell viability and morphology of
Human osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) in vitro.
Materials and methods: The effects of Bio-Oss(®), Tutodent(®), Osteon(®), and Cerasorb(®)
were studied on the human osteoblast-like cell line to evaluate various
parameters. Human osteoblast-like cells were seeded onto the mentioned bone
substitute materials (BSMs). Cell differentiation; cell viability and alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) activity of the seeded cells were evaluated by means of
scanning electron microscopy, cell viability test and phase contrast microscopy
Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Tamhane's post-hoc, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and
Dunn's Test were used. The results were considered to be statistically
significant at P<0.05.
Results: The
control group (SaOS-2 cells which were incubated in Dulbecco Modified Eagle
Medium without any kind of bone graft materials) had the highest level of cell
viability (P<0.001), followed by Tutodent(®), Osteon(®), Cerasorb(®), and
Bio-Oss(®). There was no significant difference in MTT assay results between
Tutodent(®) and the control group (P=0.032). All tested bone graft materials
showed significantly higher ALP activity than the control (P<0.001). The
Tutodent(®) group showed the best cell growth among all experimental groups,
followed by the Osteon(®) group. The former had a higher spindle-like
morphology with good attachment to the surface. Cells cultivated on the
surfaces of the Cerasorb(®) and Bio-Oss(®) granules had more round
morphologies.
Conclusion: This in
vitro study demonstrated that all tested BSMs can provide good cell
differentiation but a lower rate of proliferation.
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