Physicochemical characterization of barrier membranes for bone regeneration
AUTHOR
-- By Caballé-Serrano J, Munar-Frau A, Delgado L, Pérez R, Hernández-Alfaro F
Barrier membranes are essential biomaterials for
guided bone regeneration. Due to different origin and structure of barrier
membranes, singular mechanical properties and clinical behaviors can be
expected. It is important to understand the physic and chemical properties of
barrier membranes to select the needed biomaterial for each clinical situation.
To date, no study has evaluated and compared the physicochemical properties of
various families of barrier membranes.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the
physicochemical properties of various barrier membranes. Fifteen membranes of
different origin were tested in this study. Membranes were divided into
biological or synthetic origin and grouped in natural allogenic collagen,
natural xenogenic collagen, cross-linked collagen and synthetic membranes.
Physicochemical properties were evaluated in terms of tension, stiffness,
absorption ability, pH and wettability. For the tension tests, all membranes
showed similar low tension and low stiffness, especially after a 4-min
hydration, except for bone laminas that showed a greater stiffness particularly
in a dry status. Regarding wettability and hydration of the barrier membranes,
porcine origin membranes had greater hydration; wettability was also superior
in porcine derived barrier membranes and showed a faster absorption of the drop
on the rough surfaces. All membranes had a stable pH, having the synthetic
membranes the most stable pH when compared to physiologic.
The wide variety of
barrier membranes opens a debate in which the practitioner should select the
adequate barrier membrane for each clinical situation. Different materials show
singular potentials depending on their tissue origin making them suitable for
specific clinical indications. More studies regarding adsorption, integration
and degradation of barrier membranes are needed to understand their behavior.
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