Histomorphometric Results of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Studying Maxillary Sinus Augmentation with Two Different Biomaterials and Simultaneous Implant Placement
AUTHOR
-- By Chiu TS, Lee CT, Bittner N, Prasad H,
Tarnow DP, Schulze-Späte U.
Purpose: Maxillary sinus augmentation has
been a predictable procedure. However, in-depth analysis of tissue healing
after sinus grafting with simultaneous implant placement is limited. This study
aimed to compare histologic outcomes after sinus grafting with a synthetic bone
graft compared with a xenograft.
Materials and methods: A
randomized controlled split-mouth study was conducted to compare bone formation
around microimplants (2.00 mm, Dentium) placed at the time of maxillary sinus
augmentation with a synthetic material (Osteon, Dentium) (OST) and
deproteinized bovine bone (Bio-Oss) (BIO) as the control group. Four
microimplants per subject (n = 13) were placed bilaterally for intrasubject
comparison (two implants per side/patient). Bone cores with osseointegrated
microimplants were harvested for histomorphometric analysis 6 to 8 months after
sinus augmentation surgery.
Results: Histologic
analysis revealed newly formed bone deposited on the microimplant surface and
bridging to bone graft material in both groups. Further, there was no
histologic evidence of signs of inflammation in all specimens. In general,
bone-to-implant contact was comparable and ranged from 6.1% to 67.0% with a
mean of 38.4% ± 11.61% in OST and from 10.5% to 57.0% with a mean of 34.58% ±
12.55% in BIO. However, a significantly higher percentage of bone-to-implant
contact in the first four threads of the grafted area was noted in OST compared
with BIO (P = .016).
Conclusion: The
synthetic OST was found to be equivalent to BIO in new bone formation and
clinical success after sinus augmentation in conjunction with microimplant
placement. Although there are some statistically significant differences in the
histologic outcomes, the clinical relevance of these needs to be further
evaluated. Nevertheless, the findings of this study indicate that this
synthetic alloplast would be a viable alternative to an allograft material.
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25-01-2025